October 14, 2024

Alexis Gogue

11th Grade

George Washington High School

What is Bioengineering?

Bioengineering is the process in which we apply engineering concepts to construct innovative inventions and ideas. We utilize bioengineering to improve efficiency and enhance our knowledge of technology, healthcare, science, agriculture, sustainability, and more! Bioengineering has flourished in becoming an essential component of today's modern health care system. The combination of traditional engineering and issues within our health care, biomedical treatments, and advanced machinery grants many opportunities and breakthroughs in providing the utmost care and service for patients. 

Life Expectancy and Disease Statistics

Due to bioengineering, healthcare has had a steady incline in capabilities over the last century. The practice of medicine has thrived in not only improving quality of life but in saving numerous lives. Heart disease has long been a leading cause of death in America. Statistics from the 1960’s show that there were approximately 559 deaths per 100,000 people. Statistics from 2014 show that the number has reduced to approximately 192 deaths per 100,000. Additionally, the cancer survival rate has increased by 30% since the 1960’s. Furthermore, the average life expectancy in the 1960’s was about 68 years of age. Today, it is about 80 years old. We can infer that the decrease in deaths and increase in life expectancy can be due to improvements in medical screenings, diagnostics, surgical procedures, medicine access, biomedical advancements, etc. 

Bioengineering in Healthcare 

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a method of diagnostic tests in which a machine uses magnets and radio waves to create images of internal organs, bones, and blood vessels. These then get displayed on a monitor for review. This has created remarkable developments in diagnosing patients and providing an efficient course of treatment. This engineering breakthrough has saved lives by detecting issues before they worsen or cause unpreventable impacts on a patient's life. MRI scanning does not use ionizing radiation, therefore it is not radioactive and is a safer method of performing an X-ray. This makes it a perfect candidate if you feel there's an internal issue within your body.  

Next, I'd like to discuss biomechatronics. Biomechatronics is a blend of biology, mechanics, and electronics. This invention has made it more convenient for amputees or those with mobility disabilities. Devices with neural control can provide patients with working prosthetic limbs. This works by the implants communicating using microprocessors that detect electromyographic (EMG) signals from nerve endings, which enables muscle contractions.  This breakthrough removes limitations and provides better treatment opportunities for those with limited mobility. 

Additionally, for patients suffering from burns or skin abnormalities, there is a process called “tissue engineering.”  This is created by scaffolds, cells, or biologically made artificial skin or cartilage which can replace damaged human skin. It can also be utilized to help repair organ tissues. This breakthrough is still going through tons of research, however, it's still a notable development in medical care. 

Conclusion

Looking through the progression of medical care throughout history, it's impressive how as a society we’ve used engineering and technology to our advantage in improving our health. Not only have we increased life expectancy, but we've made it possible to provide a wide array of treatment opportunities for patients. There’s much more to discover in the world of engineering and healthcare. We must continue to build knowledge and skills in engineering to expand our healthcare opportunities and the livelihood of patients.